Civil law. A person whose property is burdened by a usufruct. • The naked owner has the right to dispose of the property subject to the usufruct, but not to derive its fruits. See USUFRUCT. [Cases: Estates in Property 1. C.J.S. Estates §§ 2–5, 8, 15–21, 116–128, 137, 243.]
naked, adj. (Of a legal act or instrument) lacking confirmation or validation ( naked ownership of property).
Louisiana law. Ownership of property subject to a usufruct interest held by another. See La. Civ. Code art. 478. — Also termed naked ownership.
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usufruct (罗马法)(大陆法)用益权 对他人财产进行使用和收益，但不得改变财产基本特性的权利。用益权人要象负责任的所有人那样维护财产，用益不得造成财产的损害或减少，但财产随时间而自然损耗者不在其内。在罗马法中，用益权被视作一种财产的负担〔encumbrance〕；在现代法中，用益权人类似于终身地产保有人〔life tenant〕，该财产之所有权人则为名义上的财产所有权人〔naked owner〕。在现代民法中，用益权的特征因其所指向的物是否会被消耗而不同。有两种分类，一种是将其分为完整用益权〔perfect usufruct〕和不完整用益权〔imperfect usufruct〕或准用益权〔quasi-usufruct〕，前者所指的财产虽经使用而不改变其本质，后者所指的财产则会在使用中被消耗，如农作物、钱币等，从而用益权人有责任补偿所消耗部分的价值。另一种是根据收益的不同进行分类，即自然收益〔natural profits〕(由被使用对像直接产生)、劳作收益〔industrial profits〕(通过耕作而产生)和法定收益〔civil profits〕(通过其他民事权利而产生的收益，如租金、年金、收入等)。
proprietas (pr[schwa]-prI-[schwa]-tas). [Latin] Hist. Ownership. proprietas nuda (pr[schwa]-prI-[schwa]-tas n[y]oo-d[schwa]). Naked ownership; the mere title to property, without the usufruct. proprietas plena (pr[schwa]-prI-[schwa]-tas plee-n[schwa]). Full ownership, including both the title and the usufruct. PROPRIETATE PROBANDA proprietate probanda (pr[schwa]-prI-[schwa]-tay-tee pr[schwa]-ban-d[ schwa]). See DE PROPRIETATE PROBANDA. PROPRIETOR proprietor, n. An owner, esp. one who runs a business. See
A land-ownership arrangement by which a trustee holds both legal and equitable title to land while the beneficiary retains the power to direct the trustee, manage the property, and draw income from the trust. — Also termed Illinois land trust; naked land trust. [Cases: Trusts 140(1). C.J.S. Trover and Conversion §§ 254, 256.]
licensee. 1. One to whom a license is granted. 2. One who has permission to enter or use another’s premises, but only for one’s own purposes and not for the occupier’s benefit. • The occupier has a duty to warn the licensee of any dangerous conditions known to the occupier but unknown to the licensee.